In backscatter diffraction of fast electrons from rocksalt, sylvine,įluorspar, diamond, calcspar and quartz crystals, dark bands (on the 20 (1932/33) 39-51īackscatter Kikuchi patterns from cleaved calcspar (calcite, CaCO 3) Seishi Kikuchi is known as an outstanding Japanese nuclear physicist.ĭiffraction of cathode rays by single crystals. Generator, the most powerful at that time, and a charged particleĪccelerator at the (now) Osaka University Physical Science Department. Starting in 1934 he installed a 600 kV Cockroft-Walton high-voltage Heisenberg's team at the university of Leipzig (Germany). Werner von Heisenberg on his visit to Japan, and joined for some time He published an investigation on the mode ofĭisintegration of Radium (J. The anomalous reflection of fast electrons from single crystal On the reflection of cathode rays from single crystal surfaces. The lines from the exact Bragg position caused by anomalous dispersion ofĬrossing lines and the effect of the refractive index of the lattice on ![]() Kikuchi and Shigeo Nakagawa concentrated their studies on the deviation of His focus is on the Mean Inner Potential and the Atom Form Factors for structure analysis. He states that the intensity profile of the (today named) Kikuchi bands is not explained by the simple kinematic theory. Kikuchi gives a review of electron and ion diffraction, at that time, by single crystals, gases and molecules. Useful than the transmission method on account of its possibility ofĮxtensive application on many crystals. The above mentioned backscatter method would be more Plane with the screen intensity approximately predicted by the structureįactor wide-angle diffraction). Reflections center line corresponding to the section line of the lattice Nishikawa and Kikuchi already reported the main features of BKP (bandsīordered by parallel lines at a width of twice the Bragg angle high-order The low quality of the first BKP may be caused by specimen contaminationĭue to the poor vacuum facilities at that time.Ī short communication in Nature appeared at the end of the same year in which Reflection Kikuchi patterns" or "backscatter Kikuchi patterns". They have laterīeen named "transmission Kikuchi patterns" respectively " Multiple scattering and selective reflection"). The fourth kind" (= "black and white lines in pairs due to Were also tried, and it was found that they give similar backscatterĪuthors called this new type of pattern "P-pattern" or "pattern of High-order reflections were compared with those of X-ray diffraction.Ĭleavage faces of mica, topaz, zincblende and a natural face of quartz Have been likewise interpreted and indexed. Since transmission and backscatter patterns were quite similar, they Ups), the same type of pattern was observed as well " which must haveīeen produced by the electrons deflected through an angle greater than 90°" (parallel with the primary beam, as nowadays in modern "EBSD" set When the photographic plates were placed in front of the specimen Transmission experiment on mica foils (first published in the same They were similar to those patterns obtained by S. White lines, and in some cases contained diffraction spots in addition. The patterns consisted of pairs of parallel black and Recorded on photographic plates placed 6.4 cm behind the crystal, normal Theyĭirected a beam of 50 keV electrons from a gas discharge on a cleavageįace of calcite at a grazing incidence of 6°. Imperial Academy (of Japan) 4 (1928) 475-477, with 2 figures Kikuchi diffraction for materials science. Scanning electron microscopes are widely available in many laboratories.ĭownload Overview: Backscatter and transmission.Specimen preparation is relatively simple.Commercial systems are easy to operate.Progress in low-light level camera and computer technology has enabled fast and automated systems.The importance of crystal texture and materials' anisotropy has been generally realized.A wealth of information is obtained about the crystallography and microstructure of bulk polycrystals.There are several reasons for the success of this novel technique: Backscatter Kikuchi Diffraction (BKD, EBSD).ĮBSD has become very popular in materials science and geology during the last decade.Backscatter Channeling Diffraction (ECP).Reflection High Energy Electron Diffraction (RHEED).Backscatter electron diffraction from bulk surfaces comprises four well-established techniques: However, the acronym "EBSD" or similar abbreviations should not be mistaken for Backscatter Electron Diffraction (BED) in general. ![]() The technique is often called Electron BackScatter Diffraction (EBSD), in particular when referring to automated commercial systems. This web site provides a short introduction to Automated Crystal Orientation Microscopy (ACOM), a technique based on Backscatter Kikuchi Diffraction (BKD) in the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).
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